the outline of "Styles of Popular Music"

A.Introduction
Music is truly the one universal language.In the past 100 years or so, three of
the more successful styles are reggae, punk, and rap.

B.Body
1.Reggae was born on the Caribbean island of Jamaica in the 1960s and spread
throughout the world in the 1970s.
a.It developed from a kind of Afro-Caribbean music called mento, which was
sung and played on guitars and drums
b.Some changed mento into ska, and reggae was born.
c.The special sound comes from: the guitar plays the rhythm, and the bass
plays the melody. Especially, the Rastafarian cult added unusual sound
mixes, extra-slow tempos, strange lyrics, and mystical-politicalthemes.
d.The best-known musician was the late Bob Marley and groups are Toots & The
Maytals, Burning Spear, and Steel Pulse.
e.It has influenced later styles of popular music, including punk and
rap.
2.Puuk is a style of rock music that began in the mud-1970s as a reaction against
previous forms of rock.
a.The"punk look" included spike hairdos, theatrical makeup, ripped clothing,
body piercings, and jewelry made from objects such as razor blades and
safety pins. Fighting and other violent behavior by the fans were
common.
b.Punk music is simple and its song are short. It songs are anti-government,
anti-authority, and anti- conformity.
c.The first band were Sex Pistols and Clash in Great Britain and the Ramones
in the United States. Dead Kennedys and Black Flag play hardcore punk,
which is a faster and louder punk style. Pop punk, made popular by the
group Green Day, is another new punk style.
3.Rap is also called hip-hop and is a type of dance music in which the singers-
rappera-speak in rhythm and rhyme rather than sing.
a.The art of rapping originated in Africa and probably traveled to the United
States via Jamaica where it was known as toasting.
b.In the U.S, rap appeared in the mid-1970s in the discos of New York City's
black neighborhoods.
c.At first, rapper was to keep the beat going with hand claps while the DJ
changed records. Soon rapper added lyrics, slogans, rhmes, and call-and-
response exchanges with the audience, and rap was born.
d.Early rap songs were mainly about dancing, partying, and the romantic
adventures, but politics became a theme in the late 1980s and 1990s.
e.Most rappers are young black males, but there have been female rappera such
as Queen Latifah and white rappers such as the Beastie Boys and Eminem.
C.Conclusion
Popular music changes constantly. New styles are born, grow, change, and
produce offshoots, which in turn grow, change, and produce offshoots.